During the last decade we have seen, in parallel with traditional DX systems, the constant expansion of new technologies with CO2 as the refrigerant and as the secondary coolant media. Supermarket systems are divided into two temperature levels, MT and LT:
- MT: display cabinets and cold rooms at +6 to 0 °C
- LT: display cabinets and cold rooms at -18 to -24 °C
Systems are designed to suit these two temperature levels. In northern Europe we have seen the progressive introduction of transcritical booster systems, using CO2 as the refrigerant, in both MT and LT. In other countries, hybrid systems are becoming a standard solution. In these systems, R134a is normally the refrigerant used in MT, and CO2, condensed via a cascade BPHE, is the refrigerant used in LT. Pumped systems using CO2 as the coolant media are used in hot countries, due to the cost savings in pipe sizing and the increased efficiency. In emerging markets, supermarket systems are normally manufactured using brine chillers, with the glycol circulation ensured via a centrifugal pump.
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