Appendix

Appendix for Industrial handbook

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Length
m ft
1 3.281
0.3048 1
 
Area
m2
ft2
1 10.764
0.0929 1
 
Mass
kg lb
1 2.205
0.4536 1
 

Volume

m3
ft3
 US Gal Imp Gal
1 35.32 264.2 220
2.832 10-2 1 7.481 6.229
3.785 10-3 0.134 1 0.833
4.546 10-3 0.161 1.201 1
 

Energy 

J, Nm, Ws kJ kWh kpm kcal ft-lbf BTU
1 10-3 2.78 10-7 0.102 2.39.10-4 0.738 0.948 10-3
103 1 2.78 10-4 102 0.239 738 0.948
3.6106 3.6103 1 3.67 105 860 2.66 106 3.41 103
9.81 9.81 10-3 2.72 10-6 1 2.34 10-3 7.23 9.29 10-3
4.19 103 4.19 1.16 10-3 427 1 3.09 103 3.97
1.36 1.36 10-3 0.377 10-6 0.138 0.324 10-3 1 1.29 10-3
1.06 103 1.06 0.293 10-3 108 0.252 778 1
 

Pressure

Pa=N/m2
 kPa bar mwg kp/cm2=at psi atm
1 10-3 10-5 1.02 10-4 1.02 10-5 1.45 10-4 9.87 10-6
103 1 10-2 0.102 1.02 10-2 0.145 9.87 10-3
105 102 1 10.2 1.02 14.5 0.987
9.81 103 9.81 9.81 10-2 1 0.100 1.42 9.68 10-2
9.81 104 98.1 0.981 10.0 1 14.2 0.968
6.89 103 6.89 6.89 10-2 0.703 7.03 10-2 1 6.80 10-2
1.013 105 1.013 102 1.013 10.3 1.03 14.7 1
 

Power

W, J/s kW kpm/s kcal/h hp(metric) hp(UK,US) ft-lbf/s BTU/h
1 10-3 0.102 0.860 1.36 10-3 1.34 10-3 0.738 3.41
103 1 102 860 1.36 1.34 738 3.41 103
9.81 9.81 10-3 1 8.43 1.33 10-2 1.32 10-2 7.23 33.5
1.16 1.16 10-3 0.119 1 1.58 10-3 1.56 10-3 0.858 3.97
735.5 0.7355 75 632.4 1 0.986 542.5 2.51103
745.7 0.7457 76.04 641.2 1.014 1 550 2.54 103
1.36 1.36 10-3 0.138 1.166 1.84 10-3 1.82 10-3 1 4.63
0.293 2.93 10-4 29.9 10-3 0.252 0.398 10-3 0.393 10-3 0.216 1
 
 

Specific Heat

kJ/kg,°C kcal/kg,°C BTU/lb,°F
1 0.2388 0.2388
4.187 1 1
4.187 1 1
 

Latent Heat

kJ/kg kcal/kg BTU/lb
1 0.2388 0.430
4.187 1 1.80
2.326 0.556 1
 
 
Thermal Conductivity
W/m,°C kcal/m,°C, h BTU/ft,°F, h
1 0.860 0.578
1.163 1 0.672
1.731 1.488 1
 
Heat Transfer Coefficient
W/m2,°C kcal/m2,°C, h BTU/ft2,°F, h
1 0.860 0.176
1.163 1 0.205
5.677 4.881 1
 

Temperature and Temperature Difference

Quantity Kelvin scale Celsius scale Fahrenheit scale Physical fixed point
Associated 0 K -273.15 °C -459.67 °F Absolute zero
temperatures 255.3722 K -17.7778 °C 0 °F  
  273.15 K 0 °C 32 °F Ice fusing point
  273.16 K 0.01 °C 32.018 °F Water triple point
  373.15 K 100 °C 212 °F Water boiling point (1 atm)
Associated 1 K 1 °C 1.8 °F  
temperature differences 0.555 556 K = 5/9 K 0.555 556 °C = 5/9 °C 1 °F  

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